Subscribe to Drugs.com newsletters for the latest medication news, new drug approvals, alerts and updates. Riva R, Albani F, Gobbi G, et al. Chao, H. H., Chen, C. H., Liu, J. C., Lin, J. W., Wong, K. L., and Cheng, T. H. L-Carnitine attenuates angiotensin II-induced proliferation of cardiac fibroblasts: role of NADPH oxidase inhibition and decreased sphingosine-1-phosphate generation. View abstract. View abstract. It seemed to get me fairly wired. View abstract. Sangouni AA, Sasanfar B, Ghadiri-Anari A, Hosseinzadeh M. Effect of l-carnitine supplementation on liver fat content and cardiometabolic indices in overweight/obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A randomized controlled trial. View abstract. Acute systemic and splanchnic haemodynamic effects of L-carnitine in patients with cirrhosis. View abstract. Dragan, A. M., Vasiliu, D., Eremia, N. M., and Georgescu, E. Studies concerning some acute biological changes after endovenous administration of 1 g l-carnitine, in elite athletes. J Pediatr 1983;102:931-5. Dementia 1991;2(6):333-337. 2016;39(6):277-80.View abstract. Rare side effects can include muscle weakness in uremic patients and seizures in people with seizure disorders. View abstract. View abstract. Long-term treatment with L-carnitine in uremic patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis: effects on the lipid pattern. Insomnia - 10 Medications That Can Cause Sleeplessness - AARP But athletes use acetyl-l-carnitine as a handy supplement to improve focus, mental energy, and even sleep. View abstract. Side Effects. Young, P., Finn, B. C., Alvarez, F., Bruetman, J. E., and Trimarchi, H. [Valproate-associated hyperammonemic encephalopathy. Minerva Anestesiol. View abstract. Vaux, E. C., Taylor, D. J., Altmann, P., Rajagopalan, B., Graham, K., Cooper, R., Bonomo, Y., and Styles, P. Effects of carnitine supplementation on muscle metabolism by the use of magnetic resonance spectroscopy and near-infrared spectroscopy in end-stage renal disease. View abstract. Whats more, five of the participants taking L-carnitine experienced nausea or diarrhea (24). 2016;17(10):970-6. Carnitine deficiency disorders in children. Arch.Pediatr. Disclaimer: Go To See My Account. View abstract. 2007;44(2):83-90. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup.Physiol 1990;60(1):1-6. View abstract. View abstract. Sangouni AA, Pakravanfar F, Ghadiri-Anari A, Nadjarzadeh A, Fallahzadeh H, Hosseinzadeh M. The effect of L-carnitine supplementation on insulin resistance, sex hormone-binding globulin and lipid profile in overweight/obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized clinical trial. Shi, J. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2011;31(9):653-659. 2010;16(5):420-422. In cells, it helps transport fatty acids into the mitochondria, where they can be burned for energy. Ann Neurol 1994;36:680-1. Bolognesi, M., Amodio, P., Merkel, C., Godi, L., and Gatta, A. Maestri, A., De Pasquale, Ceratti A., Cundari, S., Zanna, C., Cortesi, E., and Crino, L. A pilot study on the effect of acetyl-L-carnitine in paclitaxel- and cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy. To make sure L-Carnitine is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have: kidney disease (or if you are on dialysis); if you use a blood thinner (warfarin, Coumadin, Jantoven) and you have routine "INR" or prothrombin time tests. L-carnitine has most often been used by adults in doses of 2 grams by mouth daily. Rueda, J. R., Ballesteros, J., and Tejada, M. I. Sum CF, Winocour PH, Agius L, and et al. "Product Information. 2007;18(8):533-540. View abstract. . View abstract. View abstract. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. Tomassini, V., Pozzilli, C., Onesti, E., Pasqualetti, P., Marinelli, F., Pisani, A., and Fieschi, C. Comparison of the effects of acetyl L-carnitine and amantadine for the treatment of fatigue in multiple sclerosis: results of a pilot, randomised, double-blind, crossover trial. 1996;24(4):251-255. Drug intervention program in dyslipemic children: use of L-carnitine. Nephron 1991;57(3):306-313. Am.J Kidney Dis 2007;50(5):803-812. Nutrition 2009;25(11-12):1193-1201. Lund, A. M., Joensen, F., Hougaard, D. M., Jensen, L. K., Christensen, E., Christensen, M., Norgaard-Petersen, B., Schwartz, M., and Skovby, F. Carnitine transporter and holocarboxylase synthetase deficiencies in The Faroe Islands. J Clin Lipidology 2012;6:150-158. View abstract. Acta Anaesthesiol.Scand. Nephron 1984;38(2):120-124. Sano M, Bell K, Cote L, et al. Cochrane.Database.Syst.Rev. Wilderness.Environ.Med. 12-3-1999;87(4):366-368. Kumar, A., Singh, R. B., Saxena, M., Niaz, M. A., Josh, S. R., Chattopadhyay, P., Mechirova, V., Pella, D., and Fedacko, J. Effects of Carnitine on Thyroid Health - Thyroid Advisor Moustafa, A. M. and Boshra, V. The possible role of L-carnitine on the skeletal muscle of ovariectomized rats. Double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial on the effect of L-carnitine and L-acetylcarnitine on sperm parameters in men with idiopathic oligoasthenozoospermia. These bacteria digest L-carnitine and turn it into a compound called trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO). In theory, using L-carnitine as a weight loss supplement makes sense. View abstract. New Trends Clin Neuropharmacol 1989;3(4):225-230. "L-carnitine and platelet aggregation in uremic patients subjected to hemodialysis." 1 Sweets. Effect of propionyl-L-carnitine on quality of life in intermittent claudication. Dig.Dis Sci 2006;51(12):2242-2247. Pistone G, Marino A, Leotta C, et al. Jacobs, P. L. and Goldstein, E. R. Long-term glycine propionyl-l-carnitine supplemention and paradoxical effects on repeated anaerobic sprint performance. 2013;38(1):31-41. Am.J Med.Genet.A 4-1-2008;146(7):803-812. View abstract. View abstract. (pre-publication author's copy, via correspondence) 2002;1-14. View abstract. Klin.Wochenschr 12-15-1988;66(24):1202-1211. Fathizadeh H, Milajerdi A, Reiner Z, Kolahdooz F, Asemi Z. Sigma-Tau Pharmaceuticals Inc, Gaithersburg, MD. Enhancement of activities relative to fatty acid oxidation in the liver of rats depleted of L-carnitine by D-carnitine and a gamma- butyrobetaine hydroxylase inhibitor. View abstract. Electromyogr.Clin Neurophysiol. Long-Term Levocarnitine Ameliorates Left Ventricular Diastolic as Well as Systolic Dysfunction in Hemodialysis Patients - Multi-Center Study. J Am Acad.Dermatol. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. If you've had a seizure before, you should not take carnitine. I tried this recently at a low dose, 125 mg, and had strong side effects for a day or two. The study in the European Heart Journal involved 113 healthy men and women to determine the effect of consuming red meat and white meat . This form exhibited similar benefits for general brain function in older adults who did not have Alzheimers or other brain conditions (35, 36, 37). View abstract. Insomnia, headaches and vertigo are common side effects. World J Gastroenterol. Don't use CoQ10 if you're pregnant or breast-feeding without your doctor's approval. Research shows that your levels tend to decline as you age (63, 64). Corsi, C., Pollastri, M., Marrapodi, E., Leanza, D., Giordano, S., and D'Iddio, S. L-propionylcarnitine effect on postexercise and postischemic hyperemia in patients affected by peripheral vascular disease. L-carnitine supplementation has been associated with a significant reduction in all-cause mortality, ventricular arrhythmia, and angina in the setting of acute myocardial infarction (MI). View abstract. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 1990;10(1-2):81-84. View abstract. 415-989-2539. View abstract. Schlenzig JS, Charpentier C, Rabier D, et al. Increases in walking distance in patients with peripheral vascular disease treated with L-carnitine: a double-blind, cross-over study. Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol 1990;61:486-90. 2007;52(6):1775-1776. Park, H. D., Kim, S. R., Ki, C. S., Lee, S. Y., Chang, Y. S., Jin, D. K., and Park, W. S. Two novel HADHB gene mutations in a Korean patient with mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiency. Malaguarnera, M., Vacante, M., Giordano, M., Pennisi, G., Bella, R., Rampello, L., Malaguarnera, M., Li, Volti G., and Galvano, F. Oral acetyl-L-carnitine therapy reduces fatigue in overt hepatic encephalopathy: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. View abstract. A. Superiority of L-propionylcarnitine vs L-carnitine in improving walking capacity in patients with peripheral vascular disease: an acute, intravenous, double-blind, cross-over study. 2011;21(6):485-491. Acta Paediatr Hung 1986;27:253-8. Gastrointestinal Eroglu, H., Senel, O., and Guzel, N. A. Preliminary observations on the use of propionyl-L-carnitine in combination with sildenafil in patients with erectile dysfunction and diabetes. 2010;35(12):1880-1915. View abstract. Raskind JY, El-Chaar GM. Famularo G, De Simone C, Cifone G. Carnitine stands on its own in HIV infection treatment. Casciani, C. U., Caruso, U., Cravotto, E., D'Iddio, S., Corsi, M., Pola, P., Savi, L., and Grilli, M. L-carnitine in haemodialysed patients. View abstract. View abstract. It's been theorised that L-carnitine could help your body to produce energy by utilising the body's fat stores, allowing you to work out for longer and ultimately aiding in fat loss. View abstract. Phillips, T. J., Cherry, C. L., Cox, S., Marshall, S. J., and Rice, A. S. Pharmacological treatment of painful HIV-associated sensory neuropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. A 1-year controlled trial of acetyl-l-carnitine in early onset AD. Br J Dermatol 1987;117:203-6. Bellinghieri G, Savica V, Barbera CM, Ricciardi B, Egitto M, Torre F, Valentini G, D'Iddio S, Bagiella E, Mallamace A, et al. Zhu Y, Xue C, Ou J, Xie Z, Deng J. View abstract. View abstract. Mettang, T., Thomas, S., and Kuhlmann, U. L-carnitine does not alleviate uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patients. Am J Med 1993;95:112-3. Hypertension 2010;55(2):e13. View abstract. View abstract. 2007;213(4):351-359. A., Izquierdo, M. A., Jimeno, J., and Raymond, E. Reports of clinical benefit of plitidepsin (Aplidine), a new marine-derived anticancer agent, in patients with advanced medullary thyroid carcinoma. 2007;41(3):224-230. View abstract. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. BJU.Int. Fujiwara, M., Nakano, T., Tamoto, S., Yamada, Y., Fukai, M., Takada, K., Ashida, H., Shimada, T., Ishihara, T., and Seki, I. Lisinopril (lisinipril) should be stopped if there are symptoms or signs of an allergic reaction including feelings of swelling of the face, lips, tongue or throat. J Intern.Med. View abstract. Med.Sci Sports Exerc. View abstract. Ren Fail. Horm.Metab Res. View abstract. Am J Clin Nutr 1992;55(4):838-845. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 1987;7:220-224. Dal Negro R, Pomari G, Zoccatelli O, and et al. Biolo, G., Stulle, M., Bianco, F., Mengozzi, G., Barazzoni, R., Vasile, A., Panzetta, G., and Guarnieri, G. Insulin action on glucose and protein metabolism during L-carnitine supplementation in maintenance haemodialysis patients. 1979;43(2):300-306. Serati AR, Motamedi MR, Emami S, et al. View abstract. Clin Neuropharmacol. ALCAR might do the same, but studies haven't confirmed this [95, 96, 97]. Rev.Med.Chil. Moradi, M., Moradi, A., Alemi, M., Ahmadnia, H., Abdi, H., Ahmadi, A., and Bazargan-Hejazi, S. Safety and efficacy of clomiphene citrate and L-carnitine in idiopathic male infertility: a comparative study. Shang R, Sun Z, Li H. Effective dosing of L-carnitine in the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 2009;48(5):587-596. Effect de la L-carnitine chez les patients en hemodialyse chronique traite e par erythropoietine recombinante [abstract]. View abstract. View abstract. Ann Pharmacother 2000;34:630-8. A double-blind randomized study. Bartels GL, Remme WJ, Pillay M, et al. Blood 1998;91:3817-24. Tarantini, G., Scrutinio, D., Bruzzi, P., Boni, L., Rizzon, P., and Iliceto, S. Metabolic treatment with L-carnitine in acute anterior ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. Mol.Genet.Metab 2010;100(1):46-50. In: Pagon, R. A., Bird, T. D., Dolan, C. R., Stephens, K., and Adam, M. P. GeneReviews [Internet]. Fan, J. P., Kim, H. S., and Han, G. D. Induction of apoptosis by L-carnitine through regulation of two main pathways in Hepa1c1c 7 cells. B., Abdenur, J. E., and Wing, D. A. Carnitine deficiency in pregnancy. Brevetti, G., di Lisa, F., Perna, S., Menabo, R., Barbato, R., Martone, V. D., and Siliprandi, N. Carnitine-related alterations in patients with intermittent claudication: indication for a focused carnitine therapy. 2010;106(4):296-301. Eur Heart J 1992;13:251-5. Current Therapeutic Research 1986;39(3):429-435. Effect of l-carnitine supplementation on children and adolescents with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Int J Curr Res Acad Rev 2015;3:469-76. G.Ital.Nefrol. Reported side effects are unusual, but include insomnia, headache, diarrhea, low or high blood pressure, nausea, blurred vision, and chest pains. 2010;21(3):454-459. De Ritis G, Picardo S, Brancadoro D, and et al. View abstract. Carnitine supplementation in diphtheria. Tejani, A. M., Wasdell, M., Spiwak, R., Rowell, G., and Nathwani, S. Carnitine for fatigue in multiple sclerosis. View abstract. Preliminary report. Intensive Care Med. View abstract. View abstract. View abstract. In an eight-week study in 38 women who exercised four times per week, there was no difference in weight loss between those who took L-carnitine and those who didnt (24). Andrologia 2019;51(6):e13267. Newborn screening for glutaric aciduria type I in Victoria: treatment and outcome. Eur Heart J 1989;10(6):502-508. Genger, H., Enzelsberger, H., and Salzer, H. [Carnitine in therapy of placental insufficiency--initial experiences]. Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Abbasnezhad A, Hasanavand A, Falahi E, Kashkooli S, Asbaghi O, Choghakhori R. Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on lipid profiles of patients with liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. People taking carnitine have reported a number of side effects, including: Diarrhea, nausea, stomach pain, and vomiting Headaches Trouble sleeping Higher blood pressure Lower blood sugar and. G Ital Cardiol 1983;13(11):291-294. 2020;52(2):e13470. View abstract. View abstract. Acta Cardiol. Role of acetyl-L-carnitine in the treatment of cognitive deficit in chronic alcoholism. J Physiol Biochem. It may not be safe to take this supplement if you have liver or kidney disease, high blood pressure, seizure disorder or diabetes. Current Therapeutic Reserch 1983;33(6):1098-1104. Efficacy of l-carnitine supplementation for management of blood lipids: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Sci Rep. 2016;6:19188. Int Urol Nephrol 2021;53(10):2149-2158. Kubota K, Uojima H, Shao X, et al. Circulation 5-1-1996;93(9):1685-1689. View abstract. 2013 Jun;19(2):165-72. View abstract. Drugs Aging 2003;20:761-7. Malaguarnera, M., Pistone, G., Astuto, M., Dell'Arte, S., Finocchiaro, G., Lo, Giudice E., and Pennisi, G. L-Carnitine in the treatment of mild or moderate hepatic encephalopathy. View abstract. 2014 Nov 26;13:110. J Strength.Cond.Res. Hug G, McGraw CA, Bates SR, et al. Karalis DT, Karalis T, Karalis S, Kleisiari AS. Although dosage varies from study to study, here is an overview of the use and dose for each form: Up to 2,000 mg (2 grams) per day seems safe and effective in the long term. View abstract. View abstract. L-carnitine supplementation may cause unpleasant fishy odor and suppress thyroid hormones. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2004;1033:158-67. Labonia, W. D. L-carnitine effects on anemia in hemodialyzed patients treated with erythropoietin. View abstract. Measure liquid medicine with the dosing syringe provided, or with a special dose-measuring spoon or medicine cup. Bloomer, R. J., Tschume, L. C., and Smith, W. A. Glycine propionyl-L-carnitine modulates lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide in human subjects. Here are several other types of carnitine: For most people, acetyl-L-carnitine and L-carnitine seem to be the most effective for general use. Zhonghua Nan.Ke.Xue. Ann.Pharmacother. Contact US | 5A5 Steak Lounge - San Francisco's Finest Steak House Am J Clin Nutr 1980;33(7):1489-1492. 2007;19(2):206-210. Endocr J 2018;65(5):521-6. Schoderbeck M, Auer B, Legenstein E, et al. Pediatr.Res. J Postgrad Med 1999;45(2):38-41. Carroll, J. K., Kohli, S., Mustian, K. M., Roscoe, J. View abstract. Do not mix citicoline with levodopa, a medication used to treat Parkinson's disease, without talking to your doctor. View abstract. Maebashi, M., Kawamura, N., Sato, M., Imamura, A., and Yoshinaga, K. Lipid-lowering effect of carnitine in patients with type-IV hyperlipoproteinaemia. L-carnitine supplementation vs cycle ergometer exercise for physical activity and muscle status in hemodialysis patients: a randomized clinical trial. As a supplement, acetyl-L-carnitine is usually considered safe when taken as directed. Nilsson-Ehle, P., Cederblad, G., Fagher, B., Monti, M., and Thysell, H. Plasma lipoproteins, liver function and glucose metabolism in haemodialysis patients: lack of effect of L-carnitine supplementation. 10-21-2011;17(39):4414-4420. L-Carnitine may cause serious side effects. 2005;28(2):141-152. Three-year survival of patients with heart failure caused by dilated cardiomyopathy and L-carnitine administration. View abstract. 2008;27(3):253-259. Van Oudheusden, L. J. and Scholte, H. R. Efficacy of carnitine in the treatment of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Bazzato, G., Mezzina, C., Ciman, M., and Guarnieri, G. Myasthenia-like syndrome associated with carnitine in patients on long- term haemodialysis. 2010;20(11):693-700. Brevetti G, Perna S, Sabba C, et al. J Child Neurol 1995;10:S40-4. Eur.Urol. 11 Ways to Overcome Hashimoto's Fatigue - Dr. Izabella Wentz View abstract. View abstract. 2007;178(4 Pt 1):1398-1403. The effect of L-carnitine and isoflavone supplementation on weight reduction and visceral fat accumulation in overweight women. Dig Dis 2021. Usefulness of L-carnitine, a naturally occurring peripheral antagonist of thyroid hormone action, in iatrogenic hyperthyroidism: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Sirtori, C. R., Calabresi, L., Ferrara, S., Pazzucconi, F., Bondioli, A., Baldassarre, D., Birreci, A., and Koverech, A. L-carnitine reduces plasma lipoprotein(a) levels in patients with hyper Lp(a). Medically reviewed by Drugs.com on Jun 6, 2022. Sheida A, Davar R, Tabibnejad N, Eftekhar M. The effect of adding L-Carnitine to the GnRH-antagonist protocol on assisted reproductive technology outcome in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: a randomized clinical trial. Khajeh B, Dashti-Khavidaki S, Nasiri-Toosi M, Mohammadi K, Jafari A. Because carnosine can lower blood pressure, individuals with already low blood pressure should exercise extra caution when taking it . 2010;55(6):384-389. Uppin, M. S., Sundaram, C., Meena, A. K., Reddy, K. M., Reddy, K. K., Vanniarajan, A., and Thangaraj, K. Lipid storage myopathies with unusual clinical manifestations. Call your doctor at once if you have: a seizure (convulsions). View abstract. Note: This document contains side effect information about levocarnitine. Study links depression to low blood levels of acetyl-L-carnitine 2010;47(2):165-167. 2006;12(6):704-714. View abstract. Adv Exp Med Biol 1990;272:197-208. Multiple studies have shown that when used, L-carnitine can help reduce the high blood pressure, which along with oxidative stress, serves as one of the main risk factors for heart disease, thus reducing the risk of this horrifying disease and improving the patients' heart health. View abstract. Casciani, C. U., Caruso, U., Cravotto, E., Corsi, M., Pola, P., Savi, L., and Grilli, M. Effect of L-carnitine on lipid pattern in haemodialysis. Minerva Cardioangiol. Korean J.Nutrition 2007;40(7):630-638. View abstract. View abstract. Berthillier G, Eichenberger D, Carrier HN, et al. View abstract. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. Agarwal A, Sengupta P, Durairajanayagam D. Role of L-carnitine in female infertility. Arch.Pediatr 2012;19(2):184-193. View abstract. View abstract. Cardiovasc.Drugs Ther 2005;19(4):267-275. Fertil Steril 2004;81:1578-84. It can also cause the urine, breath, and sweat to have a "fishy" odor. What time of day is best to take L-carnitine? [Updated!] View abstract. 2020;151:104554. Association of L- carnitine, propafenone and mexiletine]. Brevetti G, Perna S, Sabba C, et al. Scand.J Clin Lab Invest 1985;45(2):179-184. Common L-carnitine side effects include stomach pain, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Asymptomatic hyperammonemia in children treated with valproic acid. J Psychiatr.Pract. View abstract. Malaguarnera, M., Gargante, M. P., Cristaldi, E., Colonna, V., Messano, M., Koverech, A., Neri, S., Vacante, M., Cammalleri, L., and Motta, M. Acetyl L-carnitine (ALC) treatment in elderly patients with fatigue. 1993;15(1):1-12. Reduce dosage to alleviate this side effect. J Nutr.Biochem. View abstract. The mitochondria act. L-carnitine improves glucose disposal in type 2 diabetic patients. Fertil.Steril. China Tropical Med 2007;7(5):753-754. Rajasekar, P. and Anuradha, C. V. L-Carnitine inhibits protein glycation in vitro and in vivo: evidence for a role in diabetic management. View abstract. Effects of L-carnitine supplementation in patients receiving hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Feinfeld, D. A., Kurian, P., Cheng, J. T., Dilimetin, G., Arriola, M. R., Ward, L., Manis, T., and Carvounis, C. P. Effect of oral L-carnitine on serum myoglobin in hemodialysis patients. Obes Rev. Pola P, Savi M, Grilli M, and et al. View abstract. Although potent on its own, this supplement works best when stacked with other nootropics. Epilepsia 1998;39:1216-25. View abstract. The effect of L-carnitine supplementation on plasma carnitine levels and various performance parameters of male marathon athletes. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1998;54:503-8. L-carnitine is technically FDA-approved for just one use: treating carnitine deficiency. This review describes the mechanism of action, metabolism and pharmacokinetics of l-carnitine. View abstract. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. J Anal Toxicol 1996;20:55-8. Li, Z., Chen, G. W., Shang, X. J., Bai, W. J., Han, Y. F., Chen, B., Teng, X. M., Meng, F. H., Zhang, B., Chen, D. N., Liu, J. H., Zheng, X. M., Cao, X. R., Liu, Y., Zhu, X. BJU Int 2002;89:895-900. Lipids Health Dis. There have been a few studies on acetyl-L-carnitine's use as a treatment. Z., Wang, L. X., Liu, H. Z., Qi, X. W., Wang, X. H., and Ren, H. Z. L-carnitine as an adjunct therapy to percutaneous coronary intervention for non-ST elevation myocardial infarction. Propionyl-L-carnitine is safe for most people when taken by mouth or given intravenously by a healthcare professional. Nephron 1997;75(3):372. Med Sci Sports Exerc. Zhonghua Nei Ke.Za Zhi. View abstract. Cipolli, C. and Chiari, G. [Effects of L-acetylcarnitine on mental deterioration in the aged: initial results]. J Pediatr 1982;101:782-5. View abstract. Am J Clin Nutr 1981;34(8):1496-1500. J Inherit.Metab Dis 2008;31 Suppl 2:S453-S456. Low Blood Pressure. 2010;5(8):e12140. View abstract. Arch Neurol 1992;49:1137-41. Nebbioso M, Evangelista M, Librando A, Plateroti AM, Pescosolido N. Iatrogenic dry eye disease: an eledoisin/carnitine and osmolyte drops study. L-carnitine is a nutrient and dietary supplement. 2006;7(2):101-109. Pulmonary hypertension in beta-thalassemia major and the role of L-carnitine therapy. View abstract. Answer: Supplements including melatonin, tart cherry juice extract, L-tryptophan and 5-HTP, L-theanine, CBD (cannabidiol), ashwagandha, glycine, saffron, valerian, and possibly magnesium or Prevagen may, to varying degrees, improve sleep. Dragan, G. I., Vasiliu, A., Georgescu, E., and Dumas, I. View abstract. Micic S, Lalic N, Djordjevic D, et al. Jpn Heart J 1982;23(3):349-359. Fornasini, G., Upton, R. N., and Evans, A. M. A pharmacokinetic model for L-carnitine in patients receiving haemodialysis. 1989;4(5):366-371. Warfarin is used to slow blood clotting. 2014 Oct;84(4):821-5. View abstract. Ho, J. Y., Kraemer, W. J., Volek, J. S., Fragala, M. S., Thomas, G. A., Dunn-Lewis, C., Coday, M., Hakkinen, K., and Maresh, C. M. l-Carnitine l-tartrate supplementation favorably affects biochemical markers of recovery from physical exertion in middle-aged men and women. Brevetti G, Perna S, Sabba C, et al. Heuberger W, Berardi S, Jacky E, et al. Pugliese, D., Sabba, C., Ettorre, G., Berardi, E., Antonica, G., Godi, L., Palasciano, G., Lee, S. S., and Albano, O. Biochem Pharmacol 2003;65:1483-8.. View abstract. Anti-ischaemic efficacy of L-propionylcarnitine - a promising novel metabolic approach to ischaemia?