2014;4:S54955. The Nevertheless, Seyoum et al. It should be noted that pure lemongrass oil can be hazardous to human Chemical composition, toxicity and mosquito repellency of Ocimum selloi oil. Lemongrass As Insect Repellent - Pest Phobia Seyoum A, Plsson K, Kunga S, Kabiru E, Lwande W, Killeen G, et al. Oviposition deterrent and skin repellent activities of Artemisia herba alba, Matricharia chamomella and Melia azedarach against Culex quinquefasciatus. Environment, Research Respondents, and Research Procedure. One tin provides plenty of relief for you and the whole family. J Vector Ecol. Bahuguna V. Silviculture and management practices for cultivation of Azadirachta indica (Neem). 2014;4:S21420. Lemongrass oil is also thought to be beneficial in treating skin conditions such as psoriasis and eczema. In: Veer V, Gopalakrishnan R, editors. Tamil Nadu India Sci Asia. J Vector Borne Dis. be done at home. SA made substantial contributions to perform professional writing of the manuscript and preparing it. 2015;8:2934. The Table 4 showed the results of the experiment in terms of the products 2003;88:25360. What is the level of effectiveness of lemon grass extract as mosquito repellant in terms of: a. Many people are naturally worried about the safety of their pets when using an insect repellents device. Human Expand View via Publisher Soekarno- anything upon making the repellent. 10ml of lemongrass essential oil 2015;14:12833. The researchers wanted to conduct a research about the All titles and abstracts were screened by two independent investigators for eligibility. J Appl Sci. <>>> studies show the factors of lemongrass to make an alternative insect repellent. NO NASTY INGREDIENTS. <>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 595.02 841.92] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Lemon grass [22] also supported that rosemary at 1, 2.5 and 5mg/cm2 concentrations completely repels An. The overall outcome of testing the insect repellent was effective in a way Insect repellents (also commonly called bug sprays) are substances applied to With that, the researchers gained Vector Control: Insecticide: "An insecticide is a substance used to kill insects" (IUPAC, 2006). Below is a list of lemongrass as insect repellent: Lemongrass is a good insect repellent. Lemongrass is an herb that is commonly used in cooking, but it also has some very interesting benefits for your garden. repellent. P. 19. Is lemongrass oil as an insect repellent; Electronic Led Mosquito Killer Lamps Machine for Home Insect Killer Lemongrass Research - Chapter I Introduction Background of The Study Evaluation of two natural extracts (Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Melissa officinalis L.) as antioxidants in cooked pork patties packed in MAP. The plant also repels pests and attracts bees, which will pollinate your other plants. Chemical composition and mosquito repellency of essential oil of Conyza newii propagated in different geographical locations of Kenya. stephensi for 8h, had a good effectiveness in preventing Anopheles mosquitoes. sensitive skin immediately. The 20% oil solution of myrtle in the study conducted by Amer et al. The lemongrass is known for its effectiveness in repelling insects. J Saudi Soc Agric Sci. subpictus. The product was affordable to make since the researchers didnt cost Citronella. properties of lemon grass and use it as an individual and area spray. Google Scholar. 2013;112:120519. Finally, current studies are difficult to be compared and the repellency effectiveness may also differ among subspecies. Kweka EJ, Mosha F, Lowassa A, Mahande AM, Kitau J, Matowo J, et al. Review of Literature. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LEMON GRASS ( Cymbopogon Citratus) AS NATURAL ANT REPELLENT Presented by: ANDREI E. ELUMBA JOHNREI J. LIM Lemongrass is an annual plant that grows between 2 and 4 feet tall. 2003;10:1814. after screening titles/abstracts; 11 were review publications; 8 investigated the repellency impact of chemical-based repellents or animal extracts; 7 studies were conducted on laboratory animals; 12 were abstracts, conference papers, comments, and editorials; 10 studies had not reported sufficient data regarding the percentage of repellency or complete protection time; and, 15 studies were other irrelevant studies. 2010;41:831. Constituents of essential oils from three plant species used in traditional medicine and insect control in Tanzania. In the study, the essential oil was applied to the skin of test subjects, and the number of mosquito bites received was significantly reduced compared to a control group. F. (Family: Malvaceae) against three important vector mosquitoes. Int J Pharm Phytochem Res. gambiae was identified. Catnipisa perennial plant that belongs to the mint family, Labiatae. [22], C. zeylanicum at 1mg/cm2 showed 1h protection against An. Using Lemongrass as an 2012;111:175769. Objective: This review aims to examine the effectiveness of citronella preparation used as a mosquito repellent. Ovicidal, repellent, adulticidal and field evaluations of plant extract against dengue, malaria and filarial vectors. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. Part of %PDF-1.5 0:45 . It works on insects without harming or very high boiling points which separates organic compounds from plant parts. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. here are many ways to repel insects and mosquitoes. is any chemical or natural product that causes insects or other arthropods to avoid or Effectiveness of plant-based repellents against different [47] also found that 0.1ml of peppermint essential oil protect against An. In: 9th International symposium on supercritical fluids, Arcachon, France; 2009. Phys Mol Plant Pathol. In the present work, essential oil 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal (citral) is hydrodistilled from lemon grass in the laboratory, 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal acetals . The center of the strainer must have a clear space to set the receiving vessel. Google Scholar. Related studies about lemongrass as insect repellent. The VITJS4 crude extract against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). bites has not yet been completely clarified. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 2006. p. 275304. The pot must be filled with ice as much as it can hold. and it is keeping insects that carry disease away from us and from our area. culicifacies and Anopheles subpictus for 11, 9.6 and 7.3h, respectively and the corresponding percentage repellency were 100%, 92.3% and 83.1%. Accessed 28 Mar 2016. Acar , Kesbi OS, Ylmaz S, Gltepe N, Trker A. The researchers intend to use improvised apparatus such as a strainer, a curve pot Commentdocument.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "a01114897df77067d388156bfc0abdd2" );document.getElementById("b721d86728").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. alcohol (Aegis Pest Services, LTC., 2018). For the Society that lemongrass is one of the best plants to use in making the Lemongrass has a strong aroma that can help to repel insects from your home or garden. Although the protection time of citronella oil is shorter than that of DEET. 2016;115:180716. The study is to be conducted on the year 2019 at Buenavista Homes, Jugan, Consolacion, Cebu. The location of this residence is in Catarman, Pak J Weed Sci Res. By using this website, you agree to our Lemongrass can be used in various ways to repel insects such as: Make a spray with 1 cup water and 2 tablespoons of lemon juice then add 10 drops of pure lemon essential oil (optional) and shake well before spraying on skin or clothing, Add several drops of pure essential oil into the water when washing clothes etc. Extra Concentrated for Long-Lasting Protection, Natural Ingredients Proven Effective in the Real World. PubMed Indian J Pharmacol. Method: Cymbopogon oil (75ml) was extracted from 200g of fresh Lemongrass leaves using Soxhlet method with n-Hexane as solvent. insect repellent. 1999;36:6259. Attempts Frequency Percent Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. registered in the list of EPA-GRAS. This findings support the study of Dumay and Arcilla Jr. (2019), George (2016)and Moore (2011) about the capability of lemongrass in repelling insects effectively, Kamaraj(2011))who reported that black pepper is a good insect repellent, and Patterson (2019) who proved that garlic produces results that are effective enough in repelling mosquitoes. 2010;20:16728. 2011;15:10109. 2011;5:1022. - Advertisement -. lemon.docx - THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LEMON GRASS (cymbopogon It is also used to treat stomach ailments, diabetes, and other maladies. The studies show that lemongrass extract has a strong effect on insects and can be used as an effective insect repellent. Haldar KM, Ghosh P, Chandra G. Larvicidal, adulticidal, repellency and smoke toxic efficacy of Ficus krishnae against Anopheles stephensi Liston and Culex vishnui group mosquitoes. killing them. Tyagi B. Results of the Experiment in Observing of the Products Affordability. J King Saud Univ Sci. Parasitol Res. A number of repellent products contain chemical compound like DEET ( N , N- Mosquito-transmitted diseases remain a main source of illness and death [1]. Improvised set up of Steam Distillation Process with labeled parts. uncommonness in being utilized in the creation of alternative products, in this case, an Consistently, clove at 10%, 50%, and 100% concentrations, with a dose-dependent trend, showed 1.33, 2.66, and 3.5h complete repellency against An. 2016;23:2322838. PubMed In contrast, Seyoum et al. Does Vicks Vapor Rub help with bugs? - coalitionbrewing.com https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/71810. arabiensis. Eucalyptus is a significant short rotation pulpy woodyplant,growngenerallyin tropical regions [72]. Specifically, it seeks to answer to the following questions: 1. (PDF) Plant-based insect repellents: A review of their efficacy Lemongrass does not have [6], with complete protection time for 8h, had a good effectiveness in preventing against An. significance of lemongrass as a main ingredient for making insect repellent and how PubMed Kumar KP, Murugan K, Kovendan K, Kumar AN, Hwang J-S, Barnard DR. While, in another study [45], it repelled An. local name is tanglad and usually used in cooking. The Efficacy of Some Commercially Available Insect Repellents for endobj stephensi. Govindarajan M. Ovicidal and repellent properties of Coccinia indica Wight and Arn (Family: Cucurbitaceae) against three important vector mosquitoes. Among 500 species of Anopheles mosquitoes known globally, more than 50 species can transmit malaria from the bite of the infected female Anopheles spp. ` VW*p)}u'_+WWnSfzUZXPP7XTG':Vv[>6eqc4D=1C0d[4l]N5Vj;IMR&:&.89DH/*I.+(3Z:RQX$x('mu6Ib stephensi for 4.36h. Basilisan annual plant of the Ocimum genus, which belongs to the Lamiaceae family and is used in traditional medicine in many parts of the world [74]. Amer et al. [58] used clove essential oil at 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% concentrations against An. The essential oil of lemongrass has been shown to be effective against mosquitoes, flies, moths and ants. In addition, a manual search was conducted to identify further pertinent articles using references from retrieved studies. No mess. Younoussa L, Nukenine EN, Danga SPY, Esimone CO. Repellent activity of the creams formulated from Annona senegalensis and Boswellia dalzielii leaf fractions and essential oils against Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae). In 2 studies, repellency effectiveness of rosemary was reported. Steam The oil of the Panneerselvam C, Murugan K, Kovendan K, Kumar PM. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. Steam Distillation Process with the exact apparatus to improve this study by adding dirus [43]. Lemongrass is considered to be a medicinal plant as well an ingredient in traditional Indian insect-repellent preparations (Parrotta 2001). dirus for 6h [44] and An. In the present systematic review the highest repellency effect against Anopheles mosquitoes was found from L. sinense extract, followed by citronella, pine, D. sissoo, peppermint and R. mucronata oils with complete protection time ranging from 9.1 to 11.5h. Essential oils from plants such as lavender, camphor, catnip, geranium, jasmine, broad-leaved eucalyptus, lemongrass, lemon-scented eucalyptus, amyris, narrow-leaved eucalyptus, carotin, cedarwood, chamomile, cinnamon oil, juniper, cajeput, soya bean, rosemary, niaouli, olive, tagetes, violet, sandalwood, litsea, galbanum, and C. longa also showed good repellency with 8h complete repellency against different species of Anopheles genus. 2 0 obj mosquitoes, and, (iii) reported the percentage of repellency or complete protection time. The following factors are discussed further with its relation to the Wiwit Aditama Materials and Methods Department of Environmental Health, Banda Aceh Polytechnic of Health of The Ministry of Health, Indonesia, Jl. In this study, its effectiveness was assessed on stable . 2000;73:20711. Alwala O, Wanzala W, Inyambukho R, Osundwa E, Ndiege I. In addition to being a plant-based mosquito repeller, this spray will kill and repel hundreds of common pests, such as gnats, ticks, fleas, no-see-ums, spiders, and other biting flies. x=]R@2C&n-M4f+s=D&Lo7M[6o6mO_-mO?~w ,*H2NgQpaWW_8~FM]#4xBZ@Ekp udqc!2+ck{ED6dl-'_u7"`0Z Trop Med Int Health. 2013;112:67992. Article 2010;3:6915. 2014;26:30510. 2015;14:187. Phasomkusolsil S, Soonwera M. Comparative mosquito repellency of essential oils against Aedes aegypti (Linn. After washing off excess dirt and grime (or waiting until after planting time), place the lemongrass into its new home by digging holes with a shovel deep enough so that all roots are covered up completely inside their new container/garden space with soil covering them up completely this will help ensure strong growth for years to come. The results showed that the average number of dead insects in lemongrass extract was 14. Plant-based repellents have been applied for generations in traditional practice as a personal protection approach against different species of Anopheles. This herb is spread from central Europe to central Asia and the Iranian plateaus [68]. PubMedGoogle Scholar. A total of 383 studies were found by the initial literature search of the databases. Insect odorant receptors are molecular targets of the insect repellent. Govindarajan M, Sivakumar R. Repellent properties of Cardiospermum halicacabum Linn (Family: Sapindaceae) plant leaf extracts against three important vector mosquitoes. 2003;40:100. Auysawasdi N, Chuntranuluck S, Phasomkusolsil S, Keeratinijakal V. Improving the effectiveness of three essential oils against Aedes aegypti (Linn.) dirus. Moreover, when it comes to ants, the product can 100% chemical substance was added. 2016;6:9738. 2012;49:86. Rajkumar S, Jebanesan A. Repellent activity of selected plant essential oils against the malarial fever mosquito Anopheles stephensi. Fish Shellfish Immunol. [56] in Kenya reported that the percentage repellency of catnip is dose-dependent as 0.01mg, 0.1mg, and 1mg solutions of this herb had repellency percentage of 17%, 97%, and 100%, respectively, against Anopheles gambiae. 2006;99:478. All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article. CAS Parasitol Res. Annu Rev Entomol. lemongrass oil, it should be mixed with alcohol to ensure the safety of the product when The oil of Citronella has been used for Outcomes measures were percentage repellency and protection time. Malar J. Lemongrass is a natural pesticide. For the Society that this could give them knowledge about the importance of Adulticidal and repellent properties of Cassia tora Linn. Iranian J Arthropod Borne Dis. Malar J 18, 436 (2019). to the skin. Use more than one herb for best results. All these findings support that clove can be a considered as moderate repellent. The first thing you need to do is cut off the bottom leaves of the plant, then dig up some roots from the ground where it was growing. Asian Pac J Trop Dis. The Lemon grass is an alternative way in which the researchers used it as repellent to the mosquitoes. Correspondence to stephensi for 8h, had a good effectiveness in preventing Anopheles mosquitoes. repellent themselves, they can ensure that it is safe and not even a single drop of a [42], clove at 0.02, 0.10 and 0.21mg/cm2 with a dose-dependent trend, showed 82%, 92%, and 98% repellency against An. There was a significant difference in the use of lemongrass extract as a substitute for malathion with the mortality rate of Aedes aegpty mosquito (p-value < 0,001) 95% CI (15.69-18.31 . Asian Pac J Trop Med. Lemongrass | Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center For Adult Patients About Diagnosis & Treatment Lemongrass Purported Benefits, Side Effects & More Common Names Fever grass Barbed wire grass Silky heads Jump to: For Patients & Caregivers For Healthcare Professionals For Patients & Caregivers All concentrations of turmeric, with a doseresponse manner, provided complete repellency ranging from 4 to 8h, depending on the concentration applied. For other plants, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. The 20% oil solution of olive in the study conducted by Amer et al. Evaluation of the effects of essential oil extracted from sweet orange peel (Citrus sinensis) on growth rate of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) and possible disease resistance against Streptococcus iniae. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. This research focuses on the effectiveness of lemongrass oil as an alternative Anopheles stephensi Liston. Barnard et al. found that tagetes extract is not affective against An. Research has shown that citronella helps to The present systematic review was performed to reveal which plant-based repellent can be relied on to provide a prolonged and predictable protection from species of Anopheles mosquitoes without causing side effects on human health. ants, this research hopes to show the efficacy of lemongrass oil as insect repellent. By According to Amerasinghe (2006), major health gains and important Soonwera M. Efficacy of essential oil from Cananga odorata (Lamk.) A must have for weekend trips, camping, and travel. While alternative uses such as excite-repellency and spatial activity have also been examined [87]. Our plant-based mosquito repellent spray is perfect to bring on your outdoor adventures like camping, hiking, walks, or other on-the-go activities. [65]. As said by insect repellent with its pleasing aroma and overall effectiveness were evident through Third, it should be highlighted that some plant compounds are irritating to the skin and/or highly toxic to mammals, and natural does not equate to safe. CAS [6], with mean percentage repellency 71% had a complete protection time for 3h against An. will be tried and tested. The heterogeneity in the results of the previous studies might be stem from differences in compound concentrations, application dosages, mosquito species, formulations and the assessment method of repellency, as in some trials the protection time until mosquitoes landed was recorded, whereas in the majority of studies the time until mosquitoes bite was considered. You can use it to your daily living to become a better person concentration of lemongrass extract Skip to document Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew My Library Karunamoorthi K, Ilango K, Murugan K. Laboratory evaluation of traditionally used plant-based insect repellent against the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis Patton (Diptera: Culicidae). reduce mosquito landing around 40%. 2015;14:307. Article dirus for 4.5h [46]. Lemon Grass has a pleasant scent that can repel insects, but does it work? Here, the repellency impacts of most frequent examined repellents against Anopheles species are reported. ), Anopheles minimus (Theobald) and Culex quinquefasciatus Say based on protection time and biting rate. Trace element contents and essential oil yields from wild thyme plant (Thymus serpyllum L.) grown at different natural variable environments, Jordan. J Agric Food Chem. Additionally, pest control experts can help in finding and treating the source of the insect infestation, as well as any insect-related problems. 2005;19:3039. In 3 studies, repellency effectiveness of turmeric was examined. Lemongrass attracts a wide variety of beneficial insects that help keep your garden healthy and reduce the need for pesticides. Table 3. Singh AK, Dhamanigi SS, Asad M. Anti-stress activity of hydro-alcoholic extract of Eugenia caryophyllus buds (clove). "LEPPERIC SPRAY" organic repellent made out of Lemongrass, Black Pepper Evaluation of hexane extract of tuber of root of Cyperus rotundus Linn (Cyperaceae) for repellency against mosquito vectors. 2015;437:2826. Traditional use of mosquito-repellent plants in western Kenya and their evaluation in semi-field experimental huts against Anopheles gambiae: ethnobotanical studies and application by thermal expulsion and direct burning. Google Scholar. be brought in the market (Fernandez, 2013). stephensi for 6.5h, had a good effectiveness in preventing Anopheles mosquitoes. DEET Sci. According to homeguides.safegate, lemongrass gas large amount 1 0 obj J Herb Spice Med Plants. Cloveisa naturally occurring spice which has been shown to possess anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-pyretic, anti-candidal, and aphrodisiac activities [78]. This number is also significantly higher than those killed by other types of insect repellents. There is no significant difference in using lemongrass oil as an effective natural It doesnt contain any chemical substances that may irritate a Google Scholar. As observed, 25 mosquitoes attempted to land for 25 times while 24 ants The repellency effect of citronella was investigated in several studies. Parasitol Res. Related Studies Insecticides & Repellents Use these natural insecticides to repel and eliminate harmful pests. While, in the study conducted by Govindarajan et al. The Table 3 showed the results of the experiment in terms of the affordability of Lemongrass oil has been shown to be effective against mosquitoes, ants, ticks, fleas, and other pests. Mehdi Khoobdel or Alireza Zahraei-Ramazani. Asian Pac J Trop Dis. Parasite. Possibly, the most important aspect in increasing the permanence of such repellents that are effective but volatile is improving formulations of plant extracts to elevate their longevity through the development of nanoemulsions, improved formulations, and fixatives. Sadia S, Khalid S, Qureshi R, Bajwa AA. safe it would be for them to use it every single day. KEEPS BUGS AWAY NATURALLY: Our proprietary blend of 16 essential oils, including cedar, mint, rosemary, and lemongrass, create the strong minty and herbaceous scent that helps keep bugs at bay for up to 4 HOURS while ensuring your sensitive skin is safe and healthy. 2015;46:596601. The product was 100% safe to use as it didnt cause allergies or itchiness The repellency effect of Neem against different species of Anopheles was investigated in 2 studies. dirus. Olfaction in mosquito-host interactions. Additionally, this study will produce significant and relevant information for future studies regarding to insect repellent. 2011;16:80210. Diethyl-meta-toluamide) used as active chemical component in insect repellent, are now J Amer Soc Hort Sci. 2008;87:215. 2014;21:21929. Das M, Ansari M. Evaluation of repellent action of Cymbopogan martinii martinii Stapf var sofia oil against Anopheles sundaicus in tribal villages of Car Nicobar Island, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, India. Asadollahi, A., Khoobdel, M., Zahraei-Ramazani, A. et al. Most commercial repellents are produced by using chemical components such as N, N-diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET), Allethrin, N, N-diethyl mendelic acid amide, and Dimethyl phthalate [1]. Yogananth N, Anuradha V, Ali MYS, Muthezhilan R, Chanthuru A, Prabu MM. Phasomkusolsil S, Soonwera M. Insect repellent activity of medicinal plant oils against Aedes aegypti (Linn. that does not guarantee the safety of their families. Following studies were excluded: studies exploring the repellency effect of chemical-based products, studies examining the repellency effect of animal extracts, animal studies (studies not on human subjects), articles without full texts, reviews, duplicate articles, abstracts, republished data, comments, conference papers, editorials, and studies with insufficient data. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. researchers had come to terms that this is the topic that we wanted to learn and talk 2012;111:224151. 2011;1:S1248. reactions. Forgot to apply No-Bite-Me and got some bug bites? CAS 2012;38:1416. They are important tools of public This bug repellent is made in the USA from powerful, sustainable ingredients found in nature. Powered by Wondercides proven-to-work spray formula that repels 98% of mosquitoes, this insect repellent spray is a safe, effective control method for repelling bugs. Asian Pac J Trop Med. Expect for 6 studies which were field trial, other studies were conducted on laboratory condition. trigger any allergies to the skin of the human subject. Literature Review Of Literature On Mosquito Control | ipl.org [6], with a mean percentage of repellency (71.4%) and complete protection time against An. Am J Biomed Life Sci. Enviro Sci Pollut Res. Chichester: Wiley; 1996. p. 25466. control, with easy-to-administer, low-cost, and risk-free properties. This compound is found in citrus fruits and works to repel many insects. The exact mechanism of action of these plants in preventing Anopheles spp. Cite this article. Parasitol Res. f. & Thomson (Annonaceae) against three mosquito species Aedes aegypti (L.), Anopheles dirus (Peyton and Harrison), and Culex quinquefasciatus (Say). Govindarajan M, Rajeswary M, Sivakumar R. Repellent properties of Delonix elata (L) Gamble (Family: Fabaceae) against malaria vector Anopheles stephensi (Liston)(Diptera: Culicidae). Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. Konan Y, Sylla M, Doannio J, Traor S. Comparison of the effect of two excipients (karite nut butter and vaseline) on the efficacy of Cocos nucifera, Elaeis guineensis and Carapa procera oil-based repellents formulations against mosquitoes biting in Ivory Coast. Additionally, this study will produce significant and relevant information for future studies regarding to insect repellent.