This DLC gives three focus trees and some cosmetic stuff, along with some patches for focus trees in other countries. The only truly important focuses are at the top and bottom of the tree, which help to eliminate some of Turkeys standing debuffs they have atthe start. Heres our guide to help you out. In 1936 start Turkey starts with "Limited Power Loyal". The new DLC provides a clearer emphasis on the National Focus Trees of three nations: Greece, Turkey, and Bulgaria. Without the expansion, it utilizes the Generic national focus tree instead. Announced on 2020-09-23[1], and was released on 2020-10-15. Its more flexible than Turkeys tree, and I think its a solid design overall. So: politics. Albania Austria Belgium Bulgaria Czechoslovakia Denmark Estonia Finland France Free France Vichy France German Reich Kingdom of Greece Kingdom of Hungary Ireland Italy Latvia Lithuania Luxembourg Netherlands Norway Poland Portugal Nationalist Spain Republican Spain Romania Slovakia Soviet Union Sweden Switzerland Turkey Republic of Ukraine United Kingdom Yugoslavia, Dominion of Canada Costa Rica Cuba Dominican Republic El Salvador Guatemala Haiti Honduras Mexico Nicaragua Panama United States, Argentina Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Ecuador Paraguay Peru Uruguay Venezuela, Afghanistan Bhutan British Malaya British Raj China Communist China Dutch East Indies Guangxi Clique Iran Iraq Japan Manchukuo Mengkukuo Mongolia Nepal Oman Philippines Saudi Arabia Shanxi Siam Sinkiang Tannu Tuva Tibet Xibei San Ma Yemen Yunnan, Angola Sultanate of Aussa Botswana Kingdom of Egypt Ethiopia Liberia South Africa, Australia Melanesian Federation New Zealand Tahiti. By 18 September 1922, the occupying armies were expelled, and the Ankara based Turkish Grand National Assembly (TGNA), which had declared itself the legitimate government of the country on 23 April 1920, started to formalize the legal transition from the old Ottoman into the new Republican political system. Liked? You can join either the Axis, Allies or Comintern but the Axis faction is advised. Just kidding. You can use this widget-maker to generate a bit of HTML that can be embedded in your website to easily allow customers to purchase this game on Steam. Following the Armistice of Mudros on 30 October 1918, the victorious Allied Powers sought to partition the Ottoman state through the 1920 Treaty of Svres. As such, if youre looking for a little extra content in your planetary war simulator, the HOI4 Turkey guide will touch on that, and everything new. Turkey has a coastline on the Black Sea to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, and the Aegean-Bosphorus Sea to the west. Hearts of Iron 4 THE MOST BROKEN TURKEY EVER! - Turan Empire! Battle The first few allow annex war goals against former Ottoman territories, which feels somewhat strange, given that you would have not chosen the Ottoman reformation to get here, which is fine. Mustafa Kemal Atatrk is not the current country leader. I have been playing Greece with the battle of the bosporus DLC, and have been having a lot of fun. But there was a DLC released in February,I hear you cry. Axisand/orAllies:Read our guide to thebest WW2 games. While we broadly like them, there are a few hang-ups and concerns to cover, too. When joined to war, kick Italians out of Balkans, hold Bulgaria back of the war (Balkan Entente's existence is an enough threat to hold it back) or invade, support Allies to conquer Northern Africa to secure southern front. As Greece, capture Istanbul and rename it to Constantinople. 13,99 at checkout, auto-renewed every 3 month(s) at 13,99. Hearts of Iron 4's next country pack features Greece, Bulgaria, and Turkey Feedback will be min-maxing every path in the Turkey focus tree showing the most broken way. ONE TURK EMPIRE?~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Hearts of Iron IV is a grand strategy wargame developed by Paradox Development Studio and published by Paradox Interactive. Then, in June of 1941, after neighboring Bulgaria joined the Axis and allowed the German Reich to move troops through to invade Yugoslavia and Greece, Turkey signed a non-aggression pact with Germany. Enter up to 375 characters to add a description to your widget: Copy and paste the HTML below into your website to make the above widget appear. If you can time your Communist sub branch industrial buildup along with German Axis aid, Clodius Agreement(be sure to increase chrome mines) and Chester Concession, you should have bulked up considerably, and armed enough to surprise and swarm the Soviet lines. Battle for the Bosporus is a net positive on the game, though its existence points out some of the most glaring flaws with the older focus trees. Today on Hearts of Iron 4 I try the new Battle for the Bosporus DLC and show off the new Turkey focus tree, enjoy this HOI4 gameplay video!This expansion for Hearts of Iron IV adds dedicated national focus trees to the minor powers around the Black Sea and the Aegean. Adopting Mass Assault to swarm the USSR and reduce supply when marching through the low-supply Asia and China might be necessary, and since Turkey has enormous Chrome deposits, Heavy Tank Destroyers or Heavy Tanks can be a decent choice pushing beyond the Caucausus and into Ukraine. Bulgaria is something of an odd duck in this pack, as a fair amount of its decisions have to do with Yugoslavia. If youre looking for more stability and economic growth, head down the left tree. TURKEY FOCUS TREE - Hearts of Iron 4: Battle for the Bosporus Dev Diary 57,227 views Sep 24, 2020 2.3K Dislike Share Save Hovelax 9.79K subscribers Dev Diary:. Protect the Straits in Hearts of Iron IV: Battle for the Bosporus on Features include: You can very easily jump and naval invade Denmark over Germany and after war is over you will have Faroe Islands. This is a community maintained wiki. So, Turkeys new focus tree is just stupidly huge. Subscribed? Description of Bulgarian focus tree and briefly talking about pathways. - 50% of the 2,345 user reviews for this game are positive. Go down the democratic path (the one that leads to Achieving Ataturk's Dream) and choose the Demokratic Parti (the Islamic one) on the election day event. to whatever world conquest you have in mind. Then a few days after the civil war starts, you'll get an option to invite the ottoman officers back. Hearts of Iron IV, Hearts of Iron IV: Together For Victory, Hearts of Iron IV: Death or Dishonor, Hearts of Iron IV: Waking the Tiger, Hearts of Iron IV: Man the Guns, Hearts of Iron IV: Axis Armor Pack, Hearts of Iron IV: Radio Pack, Hearts of Iron IV: La Rsistance, Hearts of Iron IV: Allied Armor Pack, Hearts of Iron IV: Allied Speeches Music Pack, Hearts of Iron IV: Battle for the Bosporus, Hearts of Iron IV: Eastern Front Planes Pack, Hearts of Iron IV: Eastern Front Music Pack, Hearts of Iron IV: No Step Back, Paradox Interactive, HEARTS OF IRON Copyright [2016] Paradox Interactive AB All rights reserved. Hearts of Iron 4 THE MOST BROKEN TURKEY EVER! Where to find all Feldcroft Region Treasure Vaults in Hogwarts Legacy, How to catch and tame a Phoenix in Hogwarts Legacy, How to get Mailed Flower in Genshin Impact, Genshin Impact: Dehya best talents and team comps guide. Sons of the Forest Arm Door | How to Open, Battle for the Bosporus was released pretty recently; October 15th, 2020. Statistics after Battle for the Bosporus, general view on 2021. Turkish national focus tree - Hearts of Iron 4 Wiki - Paradox Wikis The later focuses give you war goals that stretch as far north as Murmansk and far east as Mongolia and China itself which is wrong. As Turkey, be in a faction with Germany and Austria-Hungary, PDXCON Restore Byzantium and have Italy, Romania, and Russia as subjects. For a low monthly fee, gain access to all Hearts of Iron expansions and country packs, as well as lots of special cosmetic content, music and sound packs. What are your favorite ways to build these new national trees? / Hasbro, Inc. Phantom 5E Guide | Rogue Subclass from Tashas Cauldron, Sons of the Forest Keep Cannibals Away Guide. With this method you can puppet many French colonies as well as Occitania so you will have access to many steel and aluminum resources. Support Yugoslavia to hold Axis in the northern front. WHEN THE EVENT FIRES FOR THE OTTOMAN OFFICERS TO COME BACK, ALLOW THEM TO COME BACK! For more information, please see our When you win the civilwar, click the focus . As for politics, Turkey actually has more variety than usual. Expand your fronts:These are thebest Hearts of Iron 4 mods. Traditionalists Placated: Local Construction Speed +5% The Greek tree is the simplest of the three states, but is my favorite due to the situation the Greeks find themselves in at the start. Id be doing these a disservice if I tried to explain the nitty-gritty of the trees too much, but they are largely interesting and believable paths for Turkey to tread except for the culminating area at the bottom. The Grand National Assembly has elected former prime minister Ismet Inn as his successor.'. Then, over time, youll start getting a crapton of buffs while fighting on Turkish soil. The Turkish Armed Forces is young much like the country of Turkey itself. Turanist Assimilation: Non-core Manpower +25.00%, Resistance Growth Speed -10%, Compliance Growth Speed +5%. New comments cannot be posted and votes cannot be cast. Conscription Exemptions Granted: Recruitable Population: -85.00% Keep a good eye on who holds the French Syria because it's the final part of the Turan quest, and antagonizing the Allies (definitely with USA on board) might be lethal. VAT included in all prices where applicable. The Bulgarian Focus tree will either ally itself with Germany or resist German oppression. Kemalism remains challenged as an ideology, but the officer corps stand ready to assist the goverment in all manners concerning the protection of the state. BUT differently with 5 Power and 1 Loyalty values for Kemalist Officers. Includes 14 items: Has completed focus The Sun Language Theory. Steam Workshop::Battle For Bosporus Turkey Adjustments All developer diaries about the Battle for the Bosporus country pack and patch 1.10 (aka Collie). Since Turkey normally does not join a faction, you have enough time to build up. Alternatively, you could first invade into Iran and then Afghanistan. Key Features: Passionate gameplay in a bloody, brutal historical period; New targets for countries near the Bosphorus How to affect Kemalist Officers positively? He's also written for IGN, GameSpot, Polygon, TechRaptor, Gameskinny, and more. There has been little to no enthusiasm for war after losing nearly a quarter of our population in the Great War, but with the spectre of war looming over the world once again it seems that we will have no choice but to either modernize our forces fast, or ensure that the war never reaches our borders. Traditionalist Insurgency: Max Factories in State -33%, Divisions speed -33.00%, Recruitable Population -50.00%, Local Available Resources -50%, Local Construction Speed -33% As Non-Aligned Turkey, have zero negative state modifiers. Again, youve got the Four Paths, and like Bulgaria, these are decided early on by whether you get rid of your bad king or not. We include affiliate links in articles. Foreign subversive activities efficiency: Civilian to Military Factory conversion cost. Do that and you can go down the ottoman path after the civil war is over. Follow the historical alliance with Germany or resist the German pressures on Tsar Boris, standing up for a free Bulgaria. Remove Mustafa Kemal Atatrk as field marshal, Turkey's internal divisions are represented geographically through State Modifiers: the. HoI4 Guide: Singleplayer Templates - 1.10.4 Battle for the Bosporus - YouTube 0:00 / 15:10 Intro HoI4 Guide: Singleplayer Templates - 1.10.4 Battle for the Bosporus Bitt3rSteel. The end of the trees count on the first options, which asks what Bulgaria will do with its terrible king; kicking the king out will let Bulgaria become Communist or Democratic, reforming the kingdom will allow the other options, but will allow a Democratic path as well. Turkey was neutral until several months before the end of the war, at which point it joined the Allies. ), join the British as a Democratic ally, join the Axis as a Fascist ally, join the USSR as a Communist ally, or form an independent pro-Balkan faction. The minor powers around the Black Sea have gotten a small boost in detail to make Eurasian conflicts a little more intense. You need to invite Ottoman guys back to duty, which I have no idea how to do. Battle for the Bosporus - Hearts of Iron 4 Wiki - Paradox Wikis A famous dream amongst pan-Turkicists, establishing Turan in game will require attacking the Comintern, and along with it, either Axis, or Allies for the last part of Syrian Turcoman territory. Admittedly, Im pretty awful at, , and thus dont have the best strategies. Interestingly, the Democratic branch is the one that allows you to reform Byzantium, though you can revert to Fascism at this point. Has completed focus Hava Okulu The Second World War, a great conflagration that engulfed the globe, saw many nations that picked sides, or chose neutrality. The Allies had access to other sources and mainly bought the chromite in order to preclude its sale to Germany. Build a strong relationship with the Allies under the guidance of King George II, follow arch-conservatives into fascism or restore the glories of Greek Empire in the east. Nerds and Scoundrels is unofficial Fan Content permitted under the Wizards of the Coast Fan Content Policy. We tended to work towards joining the allies, but carving up Greece and Bulgaria works a bit better with warmonger strategies. Check out ourHearts of Iron 4 DLC guide. Information, Frequently Asked How To Remake the Ottoman Empire (Battle for the Bosporus) Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey can each chart unique historical and alternate history paths as they resist efforts by the major powers to dominate the strategic sea-lanes of the Bosporus and Dardanelles. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. To the south is Greece and Turkey. If you spot a mistake then you are welcome to fix it. As the Ottoman Empire, hold the capitals of France, the United Kingdom, Italy, and Japan. Given how young the Turkish nation is, fledgling industrial projects often require government assistance in order to become fully realized. However, it naturally grabs some extra warfare abilities (such as Strengthening Our Navies) while youre working your way down. Without the DLC, youre stuck using the generic focus tree which is arguably better. - One Empire CheeseHearts of Iron 4 I BREAK The Battle for the Bosporus - I Swear I'm Not a Byzantophile#hoi4 #funny #exploit First look at new wave of Warhammer 40k Horus Heresy marines, Unreadable MTG cards in draft packs a mistake, Wizards says, SpongeBob Warhammer army crafted from cornstarch and PVA glue, Blood Bowl 3 dev says fixes are coming after open letter, Winter is coming to medieval Zombicide board game, Age of Wonders 4 preview a promise of endless adventure, For more Warhammer, MTG, and DnD, follow us on. This feels more fair than a universal kick-ass buff like the one for Bulgaria, but still provides a strong and necessary boost to the Greeks, who will likely be in for a hard fight against at least one stronger power near them. By selecting this Design Company it will permanently affect capabilities on all equipment researched while they are hired. Turkey seems to have gotten the most attention from the update, though Greece and Bulgaria were also significantly touched up. Planning to restore the Ottoman Empire or Byzantium is all well and good but is a moot point when you know the Soviets and Italians are going to come after you in every single game. Planning to restore the Ottoman Empire or Byzantium is all well and good but is a moot point when you know the Soviets and Italians are going to come after you in every single game. This focus tree culminates in Trk Silahli Kuvvetleri, a fantastic advisor for any war-focused country. Sign in to see reasons why you may or may not like this based on your games, friends, and curators you follow. Unlocks after Ratify the Six Arrows focus. - Turan Empire! National Focus Tree for Greece: Riven by political division, Greek neutrality is maintained by the controversial Metaxas. Even so, this is a fantastic tree with a lot of warmongering potential. As Bulgaria, complete the focus The Fate of the Balkans while having 5 or more Balkan puppets. Battle for the Bosporus is more akin to one ofEU4s smaller DLC packsthat only include targeted updates for a specific few nations. Note that generic names are not listed. Jason Rodriguez is a guides writer. Interactions with the different Factions can be accessed through the Decisions Tab, as well as through some Focus Effects and Event Options. Reddit and its partners use cookies and similar technologies to provide you with a better experience. Well, the special time of year can come twice in the same year, dear reader. Expansion - Hearts of Iron IV: Battle for the Bosporus. Released on June 6, 2016, it is the sequel to Hearts of Iron III and part of the Hearts of Iron series of grand strategy games focusing on World War II. Soon, your puppet will have built up hundreds of divisions that despite their low quality can be used to conquer the axis, assuming they are still fighting the Soviets. The Turkish officer corps are some of the staunchest protectors of Kemalist values. If you don't border any axis nations, first declare war on a nation in the axis, then on a nation you border, so they join the axis. This may be a modest bit of DLC, but its new national focus trees contain some huge, if sometimes slightly strange, developments. Sign in to add your own tags to this product. Its primarily an economic tree, such as establishing a national bank and creating tank factories for other countries. Heart aching for more? There arent many factories or men either, and there are various paths you can take to push Greece down different plans toward industrializing. Then, youll also start learning Hava Okulu, which is the start of getting legitimate plane designs. There are the typical bonuses to research and auto-forts built, but there are also improvements to resource collection and requests to other states for aid. Has also written for Strategy Gamer, Pocket Tactics, and Game Watcher. Put them in the comments! http://www.discord.gg/feedbackgamingSupport me on Patreon! and our It feels very strange, and Im not a fan of it, and I dont see a reason for it to be a part of the tree. Interactive corporate website, Hearts of Iron IV 5th Anniversary and patch. New 3D Unit Models for Balkan and Turkish Armies, Unique voiceovers for Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey. gains Caliph after completing focus "Reclaim the Fallen Empire", gains Calipha after completing focus "Reclaim the Fallen Empire". If you want Turkey to be a problem for even the strongest of countries This tree isnt that much worse than the generic focus tree! Join the Scoundrel Game Labs Mailing List. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts. Battle for the Bosporus FeedBackGaming 266K subscribers Join Subscribe 17K Share Save 516K views 2 years ago TURKEY Discord!. I Captured the Bosporus and All I Got Was This Lousy Achievement. Due to the large military and medium-sized navy to their neighbors, following the Industrial branch of the default focus tree is imperative for a successful army. The Kemalists hope to turn Turkey into a secularized state, but there is a large percentage of the population who are fundamentally opposed to the very concept of secularism. Admittedly, Im pretty awful at Hearts of Iron IV, and thus dont have the best strategies. Get some peace perks though; the Montreux convention does some pretty bad stuff to your base stability! Seperatist Fatigue: Resistance Decay Speed +15%, Compliance Growth Speed +5%, Local Available Resources -33% Hearts of Iron 4: Battle for the Bosporus review - Wargamer Mustafa Kemal Atatrk is not the current country leader. As Greece or Bulgaria, own both sides of the Bosporus. Kurdish Rebellion: Resistance Target +35%, Resistance Decay Speed -25%, Resistance Growth Speed +7%, Compliance Growth Speed -10%, Strategic Redeployment Disabled Yes, Local Available Resources -33% The Six Guiding Principles of Turkey have been codified into our constitution, and as long as we honor them we must believe that our nation will never be torn apart from the inside. Interactive corporate website, Modernize the General Directorate of Military Factories, Sponsor the Nuri Demira Beikta Aircraft Factory, Non-Aligned/Despotism or Communism/Despotism, No, can come to power via decision (Retire Ataturk), Non-Aligned/Despotism or Democracy/Conservatism, Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi (CHP) or Mstakil Grup, No, can come to power via decision (Retire Ataturk or Election Day), No, can come to power via event (Election Day), No, can come to power via decision (Retire Ataturk) or via completing focus "Halk ve Devlet", No, can come to power via completing focus "Lift the Trkiye Komnist Partisi's Exile", Cumhuriyet Halk Partisi (CHP)/Faist Konsey, No, can come to power via decision (Retire Ataturk) or via completing focus "Fatherland First! Who these buffs apply to is situational, but those are some absolutely crazy numbers and I worry that Bulgaria could easily become overpowered due to them. (Seriously, I need help.). Just keep pushing as north and past Crimea as early possible to block the Axis advance and make the Reich focus on defending the West. Go with ibankas-> go democratic> allow ottoman officers back. To mend the internal divisions of our country, we will either need to approach these issues with a gentle hand or an iron fist. Battle for the Bosporus launches October 15, and will cost $9.99 USD / 7.19 on Steam. It includes new 3D models for Balkan and Turkish units and brand-new voiceover lines for all three included . Indeed, nothing about the game has changed in Battle for the Bosporus except for the focus trees for Turkey, Bulgaria, and Greece - but there is a fair amount to talk . Turkey gets a unique national focus tree as part of the Battle for the Bosporus expansion. Turkey seems to have gotten the most attention from the update, though Greece and Bulgaria were also significantly touched up. I feel that the focuses that have come out in La Rsistance and Battle for the Bosporus point towards a desire to make HOI4 more of a sandbox, which doesnt mesh super well with some of the earlier focus trees; it could be that these two DLCs can be seen as prototypes for the inevitable Hearts of Iron 5, unannounced and far off though it may be. However, Bulgaria and Turkey have huge problems in their new focus trees that make the campaign much harder for already dangerous and volatile nations. You can build stability in other ways! Traditionalist Sedition: Max Factories in State -25%, Divisions speed -15.00%, Recruitable Population -25.00%, Local Available Resources -25%, Local Construction Speed -25% The Turkish national focus tree can be divided into 2 branches The first can be divided into 3 sections with multiple sub-branches within: The Montreux Convention Branch can be divided into 5 sections which pivot Turkey's internal politics. Build a relationship with the Allies, follow arch-conservatives into fascism, or work to restore the Greek Empire. Devout Traditionalists: Recruitable Population +15.00%, Local Construction Speed +10% NO WAY! You could take a look at the National Focus Trees of Greece, Turkey, and Bulgaria and youll notice how theyve been similar, for the most part, in Hearts of Iron IV. If Romania has joined the axis then you can ally with the Soviets to gain naval supremacy in the Black Sea and then launch a naval invasion, bypassing Bulgaria. You will get nice factories and resources from Greece, then focus on Iraq for oil, then Bulgaria and Yugoslavia if they aren't guaranteed and world tension is low, unless Germany or Italy attacked them first. Cannot re-core the rebel states in the southeast. This is the MOST broken path for Turkey in Battle for the Bosporus. IMPORTANT! Battle for the Bosporus is more akin to one of EU4's smaller DLC packs that only include targeted updates for a specific few nations. The Battle for the Bosporus Add-on for Hearts of Iron IV (Windows) has 20 achievements worth 327 gamerscore. After you became fascists and were guarenteed by German Reich and joined Axis you can start 1 vs 1 war against Vichy France which Germany will not join. How do equipment sets and bonuses work in Wo Long? We begin with the biggest of the bunch: Turkey. The Debt Council has no sway over Turkish economic affairs. As Bulgaria, capitulate Turkey while also controlling the rest of the Balkans including Greece. ", No, can come to power via decision (Retire Ataturk or Coup), No, can come to power via event after completing focus "Purge the Officers", No, can come to Power via national focus "Return of the Sultan", No, can come to Power via national focus "Return of the Sultan" and via decision "Alter Royal Laws" after 1943, No, can come to Power via national focus "Return of the Sultan" after 1943. Hearts of Iron IV: Battle for the Bosporus - PC Invasion Buy Hearts of Iron IV: Battle for the Bosporus - Steam All 3 national spirits are dynamic and changeable through decisions and focuses: Kemalist Officers national spirit has 2 different variables, one is Power (up to 8+) and other one is Loyalty (up to 3). When annexing the Soviets, do your best to block German annexations, take the Turan required provinces (and many more) and focus on Misak--Milli focus. All trademarks are property of their respective owners in the US and other countries. We tended to work towards joining the allies, but carving up Greece and Bulgaria works a bit better with warmonger strategies. The republic was officially proclaimed on 29 October 1923 in Ankara, the country's new capital. The Ottoman Empire entered The Great War on the side of the Central Powers and was ultimately defeated. Archived post. The Axis join does basically nothing but turn you into a warmonger, with little to help with your stability, which can be pretty rough. THE TURAN EMPIRE! Click to find out, 2023 TrueGaming Network Ltd, All Rights Reserved. Hearts of Iron 4 DLC guide | Wargamer 4,99 at checkout, auto-renewed every 1 month(s) at 4,99. As Greece, liberate Albania while being at war with Italy. on Paradox technology, Legal Construction technology is specifically important, so using your 3 research slots for the industrial technologies is a good idea. Last but not least is Greece, who have a reform Byzantium option because of course they do. Description of Greek focus tree and briefly talking about pathways. You can start quick war goal against Hatay as it is Turkish core. Click on the page for the country that you need help with: Note: The tips and ideas mentioned in the guide are based on the January 1936 start date. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. What are achievement flags? Cookie Notice As for the trees The tree overall is not as big as the Turkish behemoth, but is still pretty dang large itself. As the Ottoman Empire, hold the capitals of France, the United Kingdom, Italy, and Japan. 2019, https://hoi4.paradoxwikis.com/index.php?title=Turkey&oldid=60185, Countries with unique National Focus trees, Articles with potentially outdated sections, Articles with potentially outdated infoboxes, Articles with potentially outdated tables, Play In the middle of a world crisis, this strait is an attractive target for any great power that seeks to dominate the region. STOCKHOLM - 23 September 2020 - For centuries, the Bosporus and Dardanelles have been key to strategy in the Mediterranean.