Name a muscle or muscle group and contraction type likely to be active when this person returns to an upright position after having touched their toes and the position this muscle must lie in relation to the vertebral column joints to perform that movemen. on 2022-08-08. Which of the following muscles flexes the neck? c) brachialis. c. Spinalis. Is this considered flexion or extension? [4], They arise from the anterolateral surface of the manubrium sterni and the medial third of the superior surface of the clavicle, respectively. The form of a muscle that stabilizes the origin of the prime mover so that it can act more efficiently is called the: a. synergist b. agonist c. antagonist d. fixator e. secondary mover The muscles of ____ lie within the subcutaneous layer, originating on the fascia or bones of the _____ and inserting into the _____. Sternal Head:Upper part of the anterior surface of the manubrium as a prime mover contracts the according to the size and function of the mus- antagonist progressively relaxes, . What is the function of the sternocleidomastoid muscles? A. Biceps brachii B. Brachialis C. Brachioradialis D. Triceps brachii, Which of the following muscles provides the greatest contribution to lateral rotation of the shoulder joint? What appendicular muscles are needed to maintain the upper limbs pointed straight ahead, with the fingers pointed (extended), palms down (pronated), forearms extended, and arms fully flexed, with scapulae elevated and upwardly rotated (the glenoid cavitie, Which of the following muscles moves both the pectoral girdle and the glenohumeral joint? Sternocleidomastoid Function with and without the Longus Colli. e) platysma. Synergist: supinator, Action: Stabilizes wrist Antagonist: Digastric They act to extend the spine, bending it backwards. a) Gluteus maximus b) Iliopsoas c) Extensor hallucis longus d) Lumbricals e) Dorsal interosseous, Which of the following muscles acts primarily to plantarflex toes 2-5? However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. S, sternocleidomastoid: 7", trapezius; D, deltoid; . Baltimore, Maryland: Williams & Wilkins. Which of the following is the term that describes the relation of brachioradialis to biceps brachii during forearm flexion? H. erroneous b) gastrocnemius. Etymology and location [ edit] Action: Pulls lower lip down to expose lower teeth, Action: Pulls corners of mouth down and lateral, Action: Compresses cheeks as in whistling, Action: Primer mover to close jaw Synergist: pectoralis major, Action: medial rotation of shoulder Synergist: Abductor pollicis longus, Action: forearm flexor Synergist: pectineus, Action: extends knee Become a Study.com member to unlock this answer! For example, the scalenes are synergist muscles to the sternocleidomastoids (SCM), because they help with turning and tilting the head and neck. antagonist: adductor group, gracilis, synergist: gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, gluteus maximus The sternocleidomastoid muscle flexes the neck and helps with movement of the head. A coexisting unilateral absence of SCM with the ipsilateral absent trapezius is an extremely rare variation and till date, only about three such reports are present in literature .Such cases present with cosmetic and functional impairment and are best diagnosed by Magnetic Resonance Imaging scans. The two heads are separated by a triangular surface depression, the lesser supraclavicular fossa. antagonist: tensor fasciae latae, gluteal minimus, and medius muscles, synergist: adductor muscles and gracilis Variations Of The Sternocleidomastoid Muscle: A Literature Review. Looking for Seeleys essentials of anatomy physiology ( etc.)? antagonist: erector spinae, synergist: external oblique, rectur abdominis M. lavish This extra triangle can also be considered as an extended lesser supraclavicular fossa which normally separates the sternal and clavicular heads of origin of SCM. This condition when present in humans is considered to be a variation from normal. On the answer line, write the word from the box that completes item below. (Sternocleidomastoid synergist) Muscle Origin Insertion Action Muscle that Move the Pectoral Girdle Trapezius Occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, spinous process C 7 - T 12. One SCM can also turn, or rotate, your head to the opposite side. Which of the following muscles is most active during medial rotation of the arm? Antagonist: Tibialis posterior The sternocleidomastoid muscle has a cylindrical, strap-like shape that emerges from the side of your neck and tapers at the ends. A. Synergist: Quadriceps, Action: Plantar Flexion Which muscle acts as an antagonist to trapezius? Drug combinations may exhibit synergistic or antagonistic effects. The thickness of the CH is variable. . What are the muscles of the Belly? Top Contributors - Venus Pagare, Admin, Kim Jackson, Joao Costa, Daniele Barilla, WikiSysop, Joshua Samuel, Evan Thomas, Tarina van der Stockt and Lucinda hampton, Sternocleidomastoid (SCM) (synonym musculus sternocleidomastoideus)is a paired superficial muscle in the anterior portion of the neck. The SCMs on each side of your body course from the breastbone and collar bone in the upper part of the chest to the back of the head. Synergist: gluteus maximus, Action: adducts and medially rotates arm (a) Deltoid (b) Teres major (c) Infraspinatus (d) Coracobrachialis (e) Trapezius. Antagonist: sartorious antagonist: quadriceps femoris muscles, synergist: soleus process of using agonist and synergist to dynamically move the joint into range of motion. Anne Asher, ACE-certified personal trainer, health coach, and orthopedic exercise specialist, is a back and neck pain expert. bones serve as levers. (a) diaphragm (b) triceps brachii (c) pronator teres (d) flexor carpi ulnaris (e) extensor indicis. Antagonist: Digastric We therefore modeled the effects of drug . The Internet Journal of Human Anatomy 2010. Synergist: gluteus maximus, Action: extends knee and stabilizes it Antagonist: Gracilis The signaling process to contract or relax the sternocleidomastoid begins in Cranial Nerve XI, the accessory nerve. Advertisement Middle Trapezius load is the weight of the object. 1 Definition. The sternocleidomastoid is the prime mover and the splenius cervicis is the synergist. Other functions of the SCM include assisting in breathing, maintaining neck posture, and helping the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) function. Antagonist: external intercostals It is given the name sternocleidomastoid because it originates at the manubrium of the sternum (sterno-) and the clavicle (cleido-) and has an insertion at the mastoid process of the temporal bone of the skull.[3]. Coming back to Los Angeles, however, they werearriving(4)\overset{\text{(4)}}{{\underline{\text{were arriving}}}}werearriving(4) at a time three and one-half hours earlier than when they left Sydney. Spinal accessory nerve (XI), with sensory supply from C2 & C3 (for proprioception), Sternocleidomastoid branch of the Occipital artery, Draws the mastoid process down toward the same side which causes the chin to turn up toward the opposite side; acting together, the muscles of the two sides flex the neck. Synergist: infraspinatus, Action: stabilizes scapula A. biceps brachii B. brachialis C. brachioradialis D. triceps brachii, Which of the following muscles is a developmentally dorsal muscle of the upper limb? skeletal muscle contracts and pulls on bone. Synergist: transverse abdominis, Action: compresses abdominal contents [3] It also flexes the neck. a) temporalis. 11 times. Kendall, Florence Peterson, McCreary, Elizabeth Kendall, and Provance, Patricia Geise. The frequency of cleido-occipital muscle occurrence has been reported up to 33%. choose all that apply. The sternocleidomastoid is the prime mover and the splenius cervicis is the fixator. Which of these muscles is the prime mover of elbow extension? synergist that assists an agonist by preventing or reducing movement at another joint, thereby stabilizing the origin of the agonist flexion movement that decreases the angle of a joint fulcrum an axis of rotation, like a joint fusiform muscle that has fascicles that are spindle-shaped to create large bellies insertion Synergist: NA, Action: Pronates forearm We describe the main muscle that does an action as the agonist. The manubrium is the uppermost section of the breastbone. a. Subscapularis b. Pectoralis major c. Infraspinatus d. Supraspinatus e. Latissimus dorsi, Which of the following muscles is attached to the medial border of the ventral surface of scapula : a-levator scapula b-rhomboides minor c- rhomboides major d-serratus anterior, Which of the following intrinsic muscles of the hand do not make up the thenar eminence? The platysma muscle is a superficial muscle of the human neck that overlaps the sternocleidomastoid. They assist the SCM in turning and tilting both the head and neck. The function of this muscle is to rotate the head to the opposite side or obliquely rotate the head. Middle Fibers: elevation, upward rotation and adduction of the scapula. For example, the SCM on the right side of your neck tilts your head to your right. Finally, look up each word in the dictionary and record the definitions on the lines below. In the blank, insert the most appropriate word. Antagonist: Flexor carpi radialis superficial Synergist: rectus femoris, Action: Extends knee and stabilizes it. Antagonist: Triceps brachii Sternocleidomastoid --- Splenius Capitis Preview this quiz on Quizizz. Pain was induced by injections of hypertonic saline . Synergist: Tibialis posterior, Action: Keeps foot flat on ground The superficial layer includes sternohyoid and omohyoid, while the deep layer is made up of sternothyroid and thyrohyoid. Some larger muscles are labeled. Antagonist: abductor pollicis longus Muscles have a point of origin and a point of insertion origin - (head) - normally is more stationary than insertion insertion - undergoes more movement. It was concluded that acute muscle pain is unable to maintain longerlasting resting muscle hyperactivity. K. irascible Also, the muscle works with the scalene muscles in the neck during forced inspiration while breathing. The SCN can produce several different neck movements. Synergist: NA, Action: Planatar flexion when knee is extended Agonist is deltoid, antagonist is the latissimus dorsi. Synergist: Extensor carpi radialis longus, Action: Extends and adducts wrists A. appall (a) Biceps brachii (b) Latissimus dorsi (c) Pectoralis major (d) Subscapularis. E. desultory Extension of the head and cervical spine when posterior fibers act bilaterally, 2. Sternocleidomastoid is the most superficial and largest muscle in the front portion of the neck. Which of the following muscle is found in the head? Sternocleidomastoid and the Scalenes are Synergists, which mean that they work together to provide the same movements (flexion, rotation and lateral flexion of the head and neck)An Antagonist. Scalenes, opposite side of splenius capitis, Anterior,Medial, and Posterior Transverse Processes of the Cervical Vertabrae, Bilaterally: Elevate the ribs during Inhalation (ALL), Posterior neck muscles/ extensors opposite scalenes, External occipital protuberance, medial portion of superior nuchal line of the occiput. Many actions in the body do have one muscle that is responsible for more of the work in that action than any other muscle. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Structure [ edit] All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Which of the following muscles is part of the rotator cuff? The SCM becomes chronically shortened in cases of torticollis. Createyouraccount. What is the relationship between these muscles when bowing your head? a) Sternocleidomastoid b) Gastrocnemius c) Gluteus maximus d) Flexor carpi radialis e) None of the above; 1. The supraclavicularis muscle arises from the manubrium behind the sternocleidomastoid and passes behind the sternocleidomastoid to the upper surface of the clavicle. Our vessels consisted of six small canoes, and two large (1) pirogues. Synergist: Biceps brachii, Action: Pronates forearm The primary actions of the muscle are rotation of the head to the opposite side and flexion of the neck. An excellent book for those beginning the study of anatomy. F. edifice antagonist muscle that opposes the action of an agonist extension an increase in joint angle with movement fixator synergist that assists an agonist by preventing or reducing movement at another joint, thereby stabilizing the origin of the agonist flexion a decrease in joint angle with movement insertion The neck muscles are responsible for stabilizing and moving the head in every direction and for pulling the jaw and skull towards the chest. The arrival times were so different because the airplanes cross(6)\overset{\text{(6)}}{{\underline{\text{cross}}}}cross(6) the International Date Line during the flights. They derive embryonically from the first and second pharyngeal arches. Antagonist: external intercostals Clavicular Head:Superior surface of the medial one-third of the clavicle, Insertion: Lateral surface of the mastoid process, the lateral half of the superior nuchal line, Actions: